pp. Retrieved October 29, 2013, Marc DuBois and Caitlin Wake, with Scarlett Sturridge and Christina Bennett (2015). [43] A strategic Cold War ally of the West, Doe received significant financial backing from the United States while critics condemned the PRC for corruption and political repression. This triggered the First Liberian Civil War. Congo people, descendants of repatriated Congo and Afro-Caribbean slaves who arrived in 1825, make up an estimated 2.5%. The interior has hot but pleasant days and cool nights during the dry season. The three countries of Sierra Leone, Guinea, and Ivory Coast bound Liberia to the northwest, north, and east respectively. [76], Pollution is a significant issue in Monrovia. Category:Headlands of Liberia . [76] In September 2014, Liberia and Norway struck an agreement whereby Liberia ceased all logging in exchange for $150 million in development aid. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. [26][27] On August 24, Liberia adopted its 11-striped national flag. [44] Government repression intensified in response, as Doe's troops retaliated by executing members of the Gio and Mano ethnic groups in Nimba County. Rainfall is irregular, and the rainy season varies in intensity and begins earlier at the coast than in the interior. Wikidata ID. [14], Undated Acheulean (ESA) artifacts are well documented across West Africa. Please read the. [12] Americo-Liberians encouraged religious organizations to set up missions and schools to educate the indigenous peoples. [8] Gradually developing an Americo-Liberian identity, [9] [10] the settlers carried their culture and tradition with them. Outsiders' knowledge of the west of Africa began with a Portuguese sailor, Pedro de Sintra, who reached the Liberian coast in 1461. The House, led by a speaker, has 73 members apportioned among the 15 counties on the basis of the national census, with each county receiving a minimum of two members. Crane, Keith; Gompert, David C; Oliker, Olga; Riley, Kevin Jack; and Lawson, Brooke Stearns. Located on Capitol Hill, the school has approximately 2,000 students. [citation needed], The government of Liberia, modeled on the government of the United States, is a unitary constitutional republic and representative democracy as established by the Constitution. What Are The Biggest Industries In Liberia? - WorldAtlas The coastal plains are around 560 km long and 40 km wide and feature sandy beaches, lagoons, mangrove swamps, and some rocky outcrops. The Republic of Liberia is a country located in western Africa off the coastline of the Atlantic Ocean. Pages in category "Islands of Liberia" The following 2 pages are in this category, out of 2 total. [97], Both male and female homosexuality are illegal in Liberia. Guinea, Cote D'Ivoire, Sierra Leone. [80] Much research into Tbg was performed in the 1970s by Mehlitz and by Gibson, both working in Bong Mine with samples from around the country. [48] A peace deal between warring parties was reached in 1995, leading to Taylor's election as president in 1997. The presence of MSA populations in forests remains an open question; however technological differences may correlate with various ecological zones. The", "Data: Improved sanitation facilities (% of population with access)", "Liberia: Breathing Life into ailing healthcare system", "Data: Health expenditure per capita (current US$)", "Data: Health expenditure, total (% of GDP)", "Liberian health authorities confirm two cases of Ebola: WHO", The Ebola response in West Africa: Exposing the politics and culture of international aid, "Liberia: War-Weary, With Echoes of Old Dixie", "Liberia: It's the Little Things A Reflection on Ellen Johnson Sirleaf's Journey to the Presidency", "Liberia: "Literature Must Be Given Priority", "Baa Salaka: Sacrificial Lamb A Book Review & Commentary", "George Weah: Ex-AC Milan, Chelsea & Man City striker elected Liberia president", "Liberia:Chaos Mars Grand Bassa and Nimba Clash", "Reforming Cocoa and Coffee Marketing in Liberia", "Gov't Pledges Commitment to Adopt Metric System", Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights, Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights, African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights, List of countries by English-speaking population, List of countries where English is an official language, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Liberia&oldid=1150057700, English-speaking countries and territories, States and territories established in 1847, Articles with dead external links from May 2020, Articles with permanently dead external links, Articles with dead external links from September 2018, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, All Wikipedia articles written in Liberian English, Wikipedia introduction cleanup from January 2023, Articles covered by WikiProject Wikify from January 2023, All articles covered by WikiProject Wikify, Pages using infobox country or infobox former country with the symbol caption or type parameters, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2023, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2023, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2019, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2006, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles lacking reliable references from May 2022, Articles lacking reliable references from November 2015, Articles containing potentially dated statements from November 2014, Articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. Map of the world's second-largest and second-most-populous continent, located on the African continental plate. Liberia mountains | peakery [168] While separation of church and state is mandated by the Constitution, Liberia is considered a Christian state in practice. Coauthor of. The lowest point of the country is the Atlantic Ocean at 0m. [89], Liberia's highest judicial authority is the Supreme Court, made up of five members and headed by the Chief Justice of Liberia. [68], Liberia's main northwestern boundary is traversed by the Mano River while its southeast limits are bounded by the Cavalla River. [85], Liberia is divided into fifteen counties, which, in turn, are subdivided into a total of 90 districts and further subdivided into clans. As of 2015, it had more than 8,000 mostly Liberian employees, making it the country's largest private employer. - 13488122 The emerging chronometric record of the Middle Stone Age (MSA) indicates that core and flake technologies have been present in West Africa since at least the Chibanian (~780126 thousand years ago or ka) in northern, open Sahelian zones, and that they persisted until the Terminal Pleistocene/Holocene boundary (~12ka) in both northern and southern zones of West Africa. The Cavalla is the longest river in the nation at 320 mi (515 km). A small minority of Liberians who are White Africans of European descent reside in the country. [111] As a result of bilateral, multilateral and commercial debt relief from 2007 to 2010, the country's external debt fell to $222.9 million by 2011. Liberian Muslims are divided between Sunnis, Shias, Ahmadiyyas, Sufis, and non-denominational Muslims.[169]. Give their locations, and length in miles. [46], Under Taylor's leadership, Liberia became internationally known as a pariah state due to its use of blood diamonds and illegal timber exports to fund the Revolutionary United Front in the Sierra Leone Civil War. James Monroe (for whom it was named) by the American Colonization Society as a settlement for freed American slaves. Liberia occupies an area of about 43,000 square miles and has a population of about 4,900,000 people. [84] Since 2006, the international community has paid for all garbage collection and disposal in Monrovia via the World Bank. [7], In 1822, the American Colonization Society began sending free people of color to the Pepper Coast voluntarily to establish a colony. List of rivers of Liberia - Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core [86] Montserrado is also the most populous county with 1,144,806 residents as of the 2008 census. Liberia Bordering Countries: Tbg and its vector Glossina palpalis gambiense are a constant presence in the rainforests here. It was among the few African countries to maintain its sovereignty during the Scramble for Africa. The Liberian constitution exercises jus sanguinis, which means it usually restricts its citizenship to "Negroes or persons of Negro descent. [79] Of households where bushmeat was served, 80% of residents said they cooked it "once in a while," while 13% cooked it once a week and 7% cooked bushmeat daily. [86], The fifteen counties are administered by superintendents appointed by the president. [154] Among the companies to have won licenses are Repsol YPF, Chevron Corporation, and Woodside Petroleum. [88] All existing local governmentscities, townships, and a boroughwere created by specific acts of the Liberian government, and thus the structure and duties/responsibilities of each local government varies greatly from one to the other. The government has three co-equal branches of government: the executive, headed by the president; the legislative, consisting of the bicameral Legislature of Liberia; and the judicial, consisting of the Supreme Court and several lower courts. [199] In early August 2014 Guinea closed its borders to Liberia to help contain the spread of the virus, as more new cases were being reported in Liberia than in Guinea. Located on the West African coast, Liberia covers an area of 111,369 sq. Hemispheres: Northern and Eastern. [106][107], Agriculture in Liberia is a major sector of the country's economy worth 38.8% of GDP, employing more than 70% of the population and providing a valuable export for one of the world's least developed countries (as defined by the UN). Bushrod Island is an island near Monrovia, Liberia surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, . [57] Public schools offer biblical studies, though parents may opt their children out. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Liberia has year-round evergreen vegetation. The national capital of Monrovia is located in Montserrado. [139] In 2013, the mineral sector accounted for 11% of GDP in the country and the World Bank projected a further increase in the sector by 2017. [155], As of the 2017 national census, Liberia was home to 4,694,608 people. [8] Gradually developing an Americo-Liberian identity,[9][10] the settlers carried their culture and tradition with them. In alphabetical order, the 15 counties are Bomi, Bong, Gbarpolu, Grand Bassa, Grand Cape Mount, Grand Gedeh, Grand Kru, Lofa, Margibi, Maryland, Montserrado, Nimba, River Cess, River Gee, and Sinoe. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. [121][122] These sanctions were lifted in 2006. The blank outline map represents the West African country of Liberia. )[37], Soon after, allegations of modern slavery in Liberia led the League of Nations to establish the Christy commission. [37] (The loser actually received around 60% of the eligible vote. [77] Bushmeat is often exported to neighboring Sierra Leone and Ivory Coast, despite a ban on the cross-border sale of wild animals. Shallow, coarse lithosols, in the hilly and rugged terrain, cover about one-eighth of the land. Minority ethnic groups especially were exploited in a system that enriched well-connected elites. [102], Liberia scored a 3.3 on a scale from 10 (highly clean) to 0 (highly corrupt) on the 2010 Corruption Perceptions Index. It is located in the Northern and Western Hemispheres. Liberia | History, Map, Flag, Population, & Facts | Britannica The "Black Continent" is divided roughly in two by the equator and surrounded by sea except where the Isthmus of Suez joins it to Asia. The Atlantic Ocean borders Liberia to the south-southwest. Official Name: Republic of Liberia Location: West Africa coast between Sierra Leone, Guinea, Cte d'Ivoire, and the Atlantic Ocean Population: 5,057,681 (as of 2020) Land Area: 43,000 square miles (111,369 square kilometres) Capital: Monrovia Official Language: English Form of Government: Unitary presidential constitutional republic (April 2014). The Liberian constitution provides for freedom of religion, and the government generally respects this right. A peace deal was signed later that month. [16], This influx of these groups was compounded by the decline of the Mali Empire in 1375 and the Songhai Empire in 1591. On average, children attain 10 years of education (11 for boys and 8 for girls). These features may represent social networks or some form of cultural diffusion allied to changing ecological conditions. Corrections? [92], In the past, both of Liberia's neighbors, Guinea and Sierra Leone, have accused Liberia of backing rebels in their countries. Their passage of the 1865 Ports of Entry Act prohibited foreign commerce with the inland tribes, ostensibly to "encourage the growth of civilized values" before such trade was allowed in the region. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Liberia is bordered by the countries of Guinea, Cote d'Ivoire, Sierra Leone, and by the Atlantic Ocean. [75], Liberia is a global biodiversity hotspota significant reservoir of biodiversity that is under threat from humans. What are the major mountains of Liberia and their location? The judiciary is further divided into circuit and speciality courts, magistrate courts and justices of the peace. They intermarried largely within the colonial community, developing an ethnic group that had a cultural tradition infused with American notions of political republicanism and Protestant Christianity. During World War II, Liberia supported the United States war effort against Germany, and in turn received considerable American investment in infrastructure, which aided the country's wealth and development. The most popular sport in Liberia is association football, with President George Weahthe only African to be named FIFA World Player of the Yearbeing the nation's most famous athlete. Olukoju, Ayodeji. Encounters with tribal Africans in the bush often became violent. [186][187] A number of highly communicable diseases are widespread, including tuberculosis, diarrheal diseases and malaria. Representative of Liberia to the United Nations, 198185. Born into slavery in Tennessee, Ricks said, "I had heard it often, from the time I was a child, how good the Queen had been to my peopleto slavesand how she wanted us to be free. The outline map represents the West African country of Liberia. Deforestation and drought in the Sahel have affected the climate, lengthening the dry season by almost a month in some areas. The four physiographic regions of Liberia parallel the coast. Four physiographic regions run nearly parallel to the Atlantic coast of the country. Taylor resigned in August 2003 and went into exile in Nigeria. Liberia - Encyclopedia of the Nations Liberia has one of the highest incidences of sexual violence against women in the world. [57] The 2005 elections marked the first time that the president's party did not gain a majority of seats in the Legislature. [45] By September 1990, Doe's forces controlled only a small area just outside the capital, and Doe was captured and executed in that month by rebel forces. Nimba is the largest of the counties in size at 11,551km2 (4,460sqmi), while Montserrado is the smallest at 737.069sqmi (1,909.00km2). 15 Best Places to Visit in Liberia - The Crazy Tourist Protestantism was originally associated with Black American settlers and their Americo-Liberian descendants, while native peoples initially held to their own animist forms of African traditional religion before largely adopting Christianity. Hospitals in Liberia include the John F. Kennedy Medical Center in Monrovia and several others. The Greater Monrovia District has 970,824 residents. [185] With a fertility rate of 5.9 births per woman, the maternal mortality rate stood at 990 per 100,000 births in 2010, and 1,072 per 100,000 births in 2017. Mean annual temperatures range between 65 F (18 C) in the northern highlands to 80 F (27 C) along the coast. St. Clements University College (Liberia), a private higher education institution that was founded in 2008. "[163] That being said, numerous immigrants have come as merchants and become a major part of the business community, including Lebanese, Indians, and other West African nationals. Believing themselves different from and culturally and educationally superior to the indigenous peoples, the Americo-Liberians developed as an elite minority that created and held on to political power. [165] Liberians also speak a variety of creolized dialects collectively known as Liberian English. The area includes Liberia's highest mountain, Mount Wuteve (Wutuwi) at 1,447 m, as well as several other peaks, including Mount Balagizi (1,100 m). Both Sierra Leone and the Ivory Coast annexed territories. Howard Brotz, ed., African American Social & Political Thought 18501920 (New Brunswick: Transaction Publishers, 1996), 3839. Liberia is a country in West Africa. [205] Moore's novella Murder in the Cassava Patch is considered Liberia's most celebrated novel. [160] In 2010 some 43.5% of Liberians were below the age of 15.[157]. [164], According to the 2008 National Census, 85.6% of the population practiced Christianity, while Muslims represented a minority of 12.2%. [201], The religious practices, social customs and cultural standards of the Americo-Liberians had their roots in the antebellum American South. [citation needed] Liberia struggled to attract investment to develop infrastructure and a larger, industrial economy. President William Tubman encouraged economic and political changes that heightened the country's prosperity and international profile; Liberia was a founding member of the League of Nations, United Nations, and the Organisation of African Unity. 19, [159] The population of Liberia was 1,016,443 in 1962 and increased to 1,503,368 in 1974. [164] As of 2022, 27 indigenous languages are spoken in Liberia, but each is a first language for only a small percentage of the population. [49] The Second Liberian Civil War began in 1999 when Liberians United for Reconciliation and Democracy, a rebel group based in the northwest of the country, launched an armed insurrection against Taylor. [194], Approximately 95% of the country's healthcare facilities had been destroyed by the time civil war ended in 2003. [77], Bushmeat is widely eaten in Liberia, and is considered a delicacy. Liberia Population What Is The Population Of Liberia? This gave it a ranking 87th of 178 countries worldwide and 11th of 47 in Sub-Saharan Africa. [47] From 1989 to 1997 around 60,000 to 80,000 Liberians died, and, by 1996, around 700,000 others had been displaced into refugee camps in neighboring countries. [13] A peace agreement in 2003 led to democratic elections in 2005. Omissions? [189] Approximately 58.2%[190] 66%[191] of women are estimated to have undergone female genital mutilation. [83] A 2004 UN report estimated that 99% of Liberians burned charcoal and fuel wood for cooking and heating, resulting in deforestation. This page was last edited on 16 April 2023, at 03:12. At $0.54 per kWh, the cost of electricity in Liberia is among the highest in the world. "Congos." For much of Liberia's early history, the Congos were classed below the Americo -Liberians. It lies between latitudes 4 and 9N, and longitudes 7 and 12W. [80] In pigs here and in Ivory Coast, that includes Tbg group 1. Indigenous peoples comprise about 95 percent of the population. [1] Among the president's other duties are to sign or veto legislative bills, grant pardons, and appoint Cabinet members, judges, and other public officials. Competition for office was usually contained within the party; a party nomination virtually ensured election. The presence of Oldowan Earlier Stone Age (earliest ESA) artifacts in West Africa has been confirmed by Michael Omolewa, attesting to the presence of ancient humans. What are the six major rivers of Liberia and their location? [111] Upon the end of the war in 2003, GDP growth began to accelerate, reaching 9.4% in 2007. Liberia also helped to fund the Organisation of African Unity. Monrovia, capital, largest city, and chief Atlantic port of Liberia, located on Bushrod Island and Cape Mesurado. [1][162][bettersourceneeded] These latter two groups established political control in the 19th century which they kept well into the 20th century. [100], Corruption is endemic at every level of the Liberian government. From its original name, it was first renamed . [101] When President Sirleaf took office in 2006, she announced that corruption was "the major public enemy. [72], Forests on the coastline are composed mostly of salt-tolerant mangrove trees, while the more sparsely populated inland has forests opening onto a plateau of drier grasslands. Latosols of low to medium fertility occur in rolling hill country and cover about three-fourths of the total land surface. Liberia hosted National Fairs in 1857 and 1858 in which prizes were awarded for various needle arts. Liberia (/labri/ (listen)), officially the Republic of Liberia, is a country on the West African coast. [114] Following Sirleaf's inauguration in 2006, Liberia signed several multi-billion-dollar concession agreements in the iron ore and palm oil industries with numerous multinational corporations, including ArcelorMittal, BHP and Sime Darby. During the rainy season there is often severe flooding in the coastal plains. The 7 Best Small Towns In Nevada To Chill Out, 11 Coolest Small Towns in Washington for a Summer Vacation. [20][21] By 1867, the ACS (and state-related chapters) had assisted in the migration of more than 13,000 people of color from the United States and the Caribbean to Liberia. English is the official language, but over 20 indigenous languages are spoken, reflecting the country's ethnic and cultural diversity. [170] In some areas primary and secondary education is free and compulsory from the ages of 6 to 16, though enforcement of attendance is lax. [133] This was dismissed as a "misconception" by Liberia's Minister of Agriculture. While Christian, many Liberians also participate in traditional, gender-based indigenous religious secret societies, such as Poro for men and Sande for women. Area: 111,370 square kilometers (43,000 square miles) Highest point on mainland: Mount Wutivi (1,380 meters/4,528 feet) Lowest point on land: Sea level. [58][59], In 2006, the government established a Truth and Reconciliation Commission to address the causes and crimes of the civil war. [111] This decline was accelerated by the outbreak of civil war in 1989; GDP was reduced by an estimated 90% between 1989 and 1995, one of the fastest declines in modern history. [22] These free African Americans and their descendants married within their community and came to identify as Americo-Liberians. Liberia declared independence on July 26, 1847, which the U.S. did not recognize until February 5, 1862. [68] Liberia's three largest rivers are St. Paul exiting near Monrovia, the river St. John at Buchanan, and the Cestos River, all of which flow into the Atlantic. Founded in 1988, the school is owned and operated by the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Monrovia. Providence Island is situated between Mesurado River and Stockton creek, can be described as an interesting period in the history of Liberia and is very symbolic as a testament of how freed slaves forged nationhood out of their forced calamity upon gaining freedom when slavery was abolished. [80] The West African pariah dog is also a host for Tbg. Adventist University of West Africa, a post-secondary learning environment that is situated in Margibi County, on the Roberts International Airport. Milestones: 1830-1860 - Office of the Historian Liberia is divided into 15 counties which are subdivided into 90 and further into clans. Based on the political principles of the United States Constitution, it established the independent Republic of Liberia. Santa Monica, CA: Rand. [24], The Americo-Liberian settlers did not relate well to the indigenous peoples they encountered, especially those in communities of the more isolated "bush". [35], In 1927, the country's elections again showed the power of the True Whig Party, with electoral proceedings that have been called some of the most rigged ever;[36] the winning candidate was declared to have received votes amounting to more than 15 times the number of eligible voters. What part of Africa is Liberia located in? After UN Security Council Resolution 1509 in September 2003, the United Nations Mission in Liberia arrived to referee the ceasefire with units from Ghana, Nigeria, Pakistan, and China with the view to assist the National Transitional Government of Liberia in forming the new Liberian military. Other ingredients include cassava, fish, bananas, citrus fruit, plantains, coconut, okra and sweet potatoes. km. This list may not reflect recent changes . [118] The country acted as a major trader in Sierra Leonian blood diamonds, exporting over US$300 million in diamonds in 1999.
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