Some plastics are now referred to as being 'degradable', 'oxy-degradable' or 'UV-degradable'. Comparing the wetting-drying durability to the atmospheric conditions, XG-treated specimens showed higher durability than the specimens made of plain soil, which shows more potential in biopolymers (foremost XG) which should be further researched. The strength envelopes from DS test results are depicted in Fig. This is because the pores of the fine-grained soils are too small to provide an appropriate bacteria growth environment8. However, their barrier properties and thermal properties are not ideal. Many women and men have fallen victim to illegal silicone injectors but are hesitant to talk about their symptoms out of fear of embarrassment or judgement. GG is a polysaccharide extracted from guar beans or guar, officially known as Cyamopsis Tetragonolba. All specimens were tested five and 30 days after preparation. It can be concluded that biopolymer links are more exposed in pure sand and that interaction of biopolymers with water will happen faster in that type of soil than in soil with a high concentration of fine particles. 9. Xanthomonas campestris bacterium is the bacteria which induces the fermentation process that creates XG25. However, the difference in the compressive strengths between ALG samples with different concentration levels was not high. [3] Chitosan has many excellent characteristics for biomedical science. North America (United States, Canada), Market size, Y-O-Y growth Market size, Y-O-Y growth & Opportunity Analysis, Future forecast & Opportunity Analysis . 197, 271279 (2019). Four mechanical strength tests were performed: UC, ST, DS, and UU tests. Dr. Hughes was able to improve all of these aspects at one surgery with the inferior buttock lift incision. Sci. Mater. Figure8 shows the experimental stress-strain responses obtained from the UU triaxial tests on plain and biopolymer-reinforced specimens. The most popular areas of aesthetic enhancement include buttocks, hips, breasts, face, and muscles, all of which often become victims of the silicone injections. Furthermore, ALG solution showed a promising effect on strength improvement. Please if anyone can make recommendations, preferably of someone they know or themselves went to I would greatly appreciate it!! Eng. Until recently, failed aesthetic medicine treatments were associated primarily with unsuccessful Botox injections. Geotech. Figure1 depicts the grain size distribution curve for Piedmont residual soil used for this study. In general, Xanthan Gum, Guar Gum, and Beta 1,3/1,6 Glucan showed the most dominant effect and potential for the future of sustainable engineering. Sci. These include hydrogel-type materials and silicone along with other injected oils. Also, please note that this type of surgery may require more than one removal surgery and then a reconstruction procedure. The FDA states Do not get injectable silicone or any type of filler material for large-scale body contouring or enhancement. Also, the FDA has said, "Injectable silicone is permanent, with side effects that can occur right after the injection and up to years after treatment. The potential use of chitosan as a biopolymer additive for enhanced mechanical properties and water resistance of earthen construction. UU testing plots for different curing periods, biopolymer concentrations, and type of biopolymer: (a) XG, (b) GG, (c) BG. Silicone Breast Injection. The shearing was conducted under normal loads in the range between 100 kPa and 760 kPa. Any patient who has been injected with an illicit foreign body can be a candidate for Dr. Nikfarjams silicone removal procedure. Do not opt for home, hotel, or spa injectable treatments by an unqualified practitioner. Hi there. Clean. Dr. Kenneth Hughes minimizes additional damage by removing as little native tissue as possible while removing as much foreign material as possible. Inflammatory lesions may develop at injection sites many years later or not at all for some substances that permanently fill the soft tissues. Each case was a study in the molecular science of this foreign body substance and of the anatomical and systemic ramifications is has in the body. J. Chem. Specimens for UC test and ST test had a volume of 60.7cm3 and 17.31cm3 respectively, but the specimens for UU test had a volume of 538.51cm3. If it's in the muscle, you'll need open excision of the product and cleaning of the muscle. No. Volman, J. J., Ramakers, J. D. & Plat, J. Dietary modulation of immune function by -glucans. I didn't think I had that much fat for him to transfer. Some of the main reasons are the lack of adequate characterization of their engineering behavior and the lack of analysis methods that engineers could use to incorporate biopolymers into their designs. Biopolymers are organic polymers that are produced by different biological organisms7. Alginate (ALG) is a biopolymer that was extensively used in biomedical industries24, but its potential for soil improvement has not been well investigated yet. Eng. Technol. Make sure they have performed at least 100 buttock silicone removal surgeries and have the before and after pictures to prove it. 98 % of the 300 million tons of polymers manufactured each year for packaging, construction, appliances, and other technical goods are made from fossil sources, predominantly crude oil . Dr. Hughes sees patients who have been to 20 or 30 consultations looking for an answer and have been turned away. Latifi, N. et al. [7] Collagen films have all been used for gene delivery carriers which can promote bone formation. Do not be guided solely by the price of the procedure. Polylactic acid (PLA) is very common in the food industry due to is clear color and resistance to water. Adv. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. & Siebert-Raths, A. ALG was the only biopolymer that was treated in a different manner. M.M. The tummy tuck or abdominoplasty is a procedure to address loose skin and fat in the abdomen that has developed most commonly as a result of pregnancy or major weight loss. Some of these biodegradable biopolymers are compostable: they can be put into an industrial composting process and will break down by 90% within six months. Removing biopolymers from the lips Several samples that were prepared in the same manner were tested in each test, and the average values of the results are presented in this chapter. Mechanical properties of biopolymer-stabilised soil-based construction materials. Similar as in the cases with XG and GG, BG also increased the maximum deviatoric stress of the specimens that were tested in the UU test. Regards, A similar effect of the optimum biopolymer concentration was presented in Fig. The rate of shearing displacement was set as 0.06cm/min. Figure7 shows the effect of different types of biopolymers, biopolymer concentration, and curing time on the soil tensile strength. CAS Observation of the biopolymer-soil interaction leads to two main conclusions. Daily temperature and relative humidity measured in the field are summarized in Fig. The concentration levels of biopolymers ranged between 0.25% and 2%. Therefore, only those three types of biopolymers were investigated under the UU test. Biopolymers can be sustainable, carbon neutral and are always renewable, because they are made from plant or animal materials which can be grown indefinitely. 77, 430438 (2015). Ashraf, M. S., Azahar, S. B. For the soil that was used in this research, the optimum biopolymer concentration of XG was close to 2%, whereas the optimum GG concentration was close to 1%. Soil Improvement Using MICP and Biopolymers: A Review. Many types of packaging can be made from biopolymers: food trays, blown starch pellets for shipping fragile goods, thin films for wrapping. The treatment varies from patient to patient. The effect of XG on soil properties was investigated by various researchers and it was found that XG can considerably increase the compressive and shear strength of soils, especially of soils that contain a significant amount of fine-grained aggregates14,17,18. J. Geosc.i 9, 371 (2016). After the injection of all permanent fillers, a response to a foreign body attempting to remove the injected substance is often observed by clinicians. Li, M., Fang, C., Kawasaki, S. & Achal, V. Fly ash incorporated with biocement to improve strength of expansive soil. reviewed the manuscript. The autoimmune response could be triggered by this substance, if you look around on the Internet, you will find patients that have a lot of problems with this product. For the UU test, changes recorded in the mechanical properties between five and 30 days were considerable. The FDA warns AGAINST silicone injections on their website. Hellotill recently i believed that silicone removal was difficult, Last week i tried a new procedure on a patient,a friend, and i was surprised that ir worked very well. The uniaxial or unconfined compression test also known as a cylinder compression test is the appropriate test for determination of the compressive strength of a cohesive soil regardless of the amount of biopolymers that it may contain. 5a where Youngs modulus of soil started decreasing for the concentrations higher than 1% GG. Similar behavior was reported by Swain et al.40where a dispersive soil was treated with various concentrations of XG and GG. Silicone injected into the muscle will not be removed due to the obvious incapacitating effects of removing muscle tissue and its consequences in regard to posture and ambulation. Biopolymers represent promising and challenging adsorbents for aquatic environments' decontamination from organic and inorganic pollutants, allowing for protection of the environment and living. If you cannot find an experienced, buttock silicone removal surgeon in your neighborhood, consider traveling out of state if you must. Eng. Hg, Cd, Cr, and Cu are listed among the primary control toxins by the USEPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency . Only those polymers that have achieved the most promising results in the prior testing were used in the UU testing program, namely, BG, GG, and XG. Furthermore, this difference in the maximum deviatoric stress was more noteworthy for biopolymer-reinforced soil than it was for the plain soil. The reason for that is the fact that larger specimens need more time for water content to decrease while drying, and the soil strength increases with the loss of water content. http://www.houstonvaserliposuction.com/4dhighdefinitionliposuction/2017/5/12/treatment-of-biopolymerhydrogel-buttock-injections, https://beverlyhills.timothykatzenmd.com/procedures/silicone-injection-removal/closed-injection-removal-beverly-hills-ca. 6). & Cho, G.-C. After that time period, water content and compressive strength became constant. After five days of curing, CHI did not lead to any further increase in the compressive strength even though the specimens with CHI had the highest compressive strength right after the mixing. Because they do not report any harm resulting from these treatments, the true extent of the injuries remains largely unknown. Silicone, when injected into areas with many blood vessels such as the buttocks, can travel to other parts of the body and block blood vessels in the lungs, heart, or brain. Chang, I. Tosaf, Inc. Color & additive concentrates for thermoplastics resins. These silicone removal surgeries are not easy to perform and come with a litany of complications based upon how poor the tissue of the patient is at the time of surgery and how much silicone has been injected as well as where it has been injected. The authors declare no competing interests. After that, the dissolved calcium chloride was added into the mixture. Four types of biopolymers (XG, GG, CHI, and BG) were mixed into the soil with three different concentrations (1%, 2%, and 4%) with the respect to the mass of the base soil. Build. Thus, a high concentration of biopolymers does not guarantee high soil strength. The autoimmune response could be triggered by this substance, if you look around on the Internet, you will find patients that have a lot of problems with this product. The tests were conducted after five and 30 days of curing. Because of this, collagen is one of the most easily attainable biopolymers, and used for many research purposes. In this case, water was not sprayed into the soil, but the dissolved alginate was mixed with the base soil. GG, aside from soil strength improvement, can also be used for sand stabilization, liquid shoring20,21, and the reduction of soil compressibility19. Complete removal, such as surgical excision, may result in a life-changing deformity. Sometimes Dr. Kenneth Hughes utilizes this approach in conjunction with the lower posterior body lift incision and/or fat grafting. I had an ultrasound and have silicomas in my lymph nodes. She came a couple of months ago and she decided to share her experience with you. ADS In the future, the patient can be reconstructed with fat grafting or implants to improve the areas of removal if necessary. (a) Daily temperature and relative humidity measured in the field, (b) Specimens exposed to atmospheric conditions, (c) Strength of the specimens with 2% XG (after being exposed to atmospheric conditions) compared with the strength of plain soil specimens which were kept in the laboratory for 30 days. The goal is the reversal and reconstruction of any adverse effects or deformities caused by these dangerous injections. in Contemporary issues in geoenvironmental engineering (eds. Five different biopolymers were used in this study and their properties are described in the text below. This further urges the need to improve the originally non-favorable soil. Thus, once again, it can be concluded that biopolymers need curing time to achieve their potential. Figure5a depicts the change of E with the different concentrations of XG, GG, and BG after five days of curing. Dr. Hughes then dissects the level of fat necrosis for removal. Rep. 8, 2565 (2018). In addition, biopolymers have the potential to cut carbon emissions and reduce CO2 quantities in the atmosphere: this is because the CO2 released when they degrade can be reabsorbed by crops grown to replace them: this makes them close to carbon neutral. Nanofibers and microfibers can be added to the polymer matrix to increase the mechanical properties of starch improving elasticity and strength. Department of Material Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, 575 Ross Street, College Station, Texas 77843, United States . 2(3), 503513 (2013). According to the previous research, biopolymers, such as Guar Gum (GG), Xanthan Gum (XG), Chitosan (CHI), and Beta 1,3/1,6 Glucan (BG), can significantly improve engineering properties of soils11,12,13,14,15,16. The first two stages are performed back to back over the same in-patient hospital stay (approximately three days). Increasing soil strength with chemical stabilizing agents, such as cement, raises environmental concerns. However, XG, GG, and BG showed promising results for soil stabilization and provided enormous potential for future sustainable engineering49,50. Silicone and other substances have been injected into the face and almost every other body part you could imagine. In this study, UU was performed in accordance with ASTM D2850-1538. After mixing a biopolymer with soil, water was sprayed in the soil-biopolymer mixture up to 16.5% of the mass of the base soil. What shall I do? The first ever application of alginate was in the form of wound dressing, where its gel-like and absorbent properties were discovered. Gelatin contains many functional groups like NH2, SH, and COOH which allow for gelatin to be modified using nanoparticles and biomolecules. Also, Ayaldeen et al.19 investigated the effect of GG and XG on Youngs modulus of silt. M.M. Durability and strength degradation of xanthan gum based biopolymer treated soil subjected to severe weathering cycles, Effect of Curing on Micro-Physical Performance of Polypropylene Fiber Reinforced and Silica Fume stabilized Expansive Soil Under Freezing Thawing Cycles, Splitting tensile strength and microstructure of xanthan gum-treated loess, Mechanical properties and mechanism of soil treated with nano-aqueous adhesive (NAA), Impact of Biocompatible Nanosilica on Green Stabilization of Subgrade Soil, The Characteristics of Absorbency Under Load (AUL) for Superabsorbent and Soil Mixtures, Polymer-assisted enzyme induced carbonate precipitation for non-ammonia emission soil stabilization, Study on a new type of environment-friendly polymer and its preliminary application as soil consolidation agent during tree transplanting, Experimental study on the engineering properties of expansive soil treated with Al13, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0000902, https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2014.7.6.633, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, Geotechnical behavior of high-plastic clays treated with biopolymer: macromicro-study, Insight into Exopolysaccharide-Mediated Stress Tolerance in Plants: a Feasible Approach Towards the Development of Next-Generation Bioformulations, Consolidation and swelling behavior of kaolinite clay containing xanthan gum biopolymer, Geotechnical properties of problematic expansive subgrade stabilized with guar gum biopolymer, A review of the use of bio-based substances in soil stabilization, Cancel 94, 276284 (2008). Use the Previous and Next buttons to navigate the slides or the slide controller buttons at the end to navigate through each slide. He will review your situation and health history and make recommendations on the best treatment options for you. Properties of biocemented, fiber reinforced sand. The information on RealSelf is intended for educational purposes only. Since removing silicone from the buttock is a big procedure, please seek an experienced, board certified plastic surgeonwith significant experience in removing silicone from the buttock. Since these materials come from agricultural crops, their use could create a sustainable industry. Sci. Collagen:[3] Collagen is the primary structure of vertebrates and is the most abundant protein in mammals. Build. Specimens with 2% XG kept their shape for the entire 30 days. It has been concluded that the curing time increased the strength values measured in the UU test, ST test, and UU test. This rapid coagulation produces a temporary framework so the fibrous stroma can be regenerated by host cells. Incisions are placed so that they are nearly invisible after surgery, The reconstructive stage is performed approximately four weeks after the first two stages are completed and includes liposuction and fat transfer (also pre-authorized through insurance). The compressive strength of the specimen was computed by dividing the maximum load attained during the test by the cross-sectional area of the specimen. In recent years, many new ways of body enhancements appeared in the cosmetic market. Dr. Kenneth Hughes, Los Angeles plastic surgeon, sees at least 2 to 3 patients a week who have had injections of one of more foreign substances including silicone, PMMA, hydrogel, and Read More. ALG, BG, GG, and XG showed a positive effect on the tensile strength after five and 30 days but XG had the most dominant effect. Chang, I., Prasidhi, A. K., Im, J. Effects of Xanthan Gum Biopolymer on the Permeability, Odometer, Unconfined Compressive and Triaxial Shear Behavior of a Sand. Furthermore, it can be noted that most of the strength developed after three to four days of curing. Some biopolymers- such as PLA, naturally occurring zein, and poly-3-hydroxybutyrate can be used as plastics, replacing the need for polystyrene or polyethylene based plastics. I'm sorry to hear you have biopolymer injections. Chitin is a biopolymer abundant in nature and it is contained in shells. I've also seen it migrate upwards. If material is not included in the articles Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. In addition his ability to hear your wants and translate that to your result is impressive. Food Hydrocolloids 13, 4349 (1999). Toufigh, V. & Kianfar, E. The effects of stabilizers on the thermal and the mechanical properties of rammed earth at various humidities and their environmental impacts. Chang, I. After compaction and extraction from the molds, one portion of specimens was tested within an hour of preparation (wet specimens) and other specimens were tested after designated curing time. It performs antimicrobial functions in microorganisms like algae, fungi, bacteria, and gram-positive bacteria of different yeast species. Mater. The team at New You Plastic Surgery understands your situation and wants to help. I never did a research on silicone butt injections or even trying to find out. As in the case of the unconfined compression, most of the strength was achieved during the first five days. The soil was compacted in three layers where each layer was compressed approximately twenty-five times. Some biopolymers are biodegradable: they are broken down into CO2 and water by microorganisms. Apparently, the other surgeon was unsure if something other than fat had been injected into this patient. It's important to choose a surgeon who has years of experience, before and after pictures, and someone that you trust. 200, 616629 (2019). I used VASER device on the cheeks. [5] There are two types of gelatin, Type A and Type B. Figure11b depicts the SEM image of the GG-treated silty sand from this study. For comparison purposes, Fig. Syndrome. The SEM analysis showed the difference in the biopolymer-soil interaction depending on the soil type. The slopes of the plotted lines relate to the friction angles, and the intercepts with the vertical, shear stress axis represent the cohesion. Sci. The reason for that was the fact that ALG required a binding agent, such as calcium chloride, which has the ability to hold the ALG chain-molecules together. Such a sequence is called the primary structure of the biopolymer. 12732 W. Washington Blvd Suite B, Los Angeles, CA 90066, Click here for information regarding Covid-19 and Online Consultations, Textbook Chapters by Dr. Kenneth Hughes, MD, Dr. Kenneth Hughes Dimensional and Multifactorial Individualization, Bodytite and Facetite Skin Tightening without the Scars, Bodytite Skin Tightening without the Scars, Facetite Skin Tightening without the Scars, Liposuction Revision & Cellulite Reduction, Silicone Injections and Biopolymer Removal, Dr. Kenneth Hughes Plastic Surgery Videos, Breast Reconstruction and Breast Deformity Correction, SILICONE, PMMA, HYDROGEL, AND BIOPOLYMERS REMOVED FROM BUTTOCKS, WHAT IS THE COST OF SILICONE AND BIOPOLYMER REMOVAL FROM THE BUTTOCKS, https://www.hughesplasticsurgery.com//files/2021/06/Butt-Silicone-Injection-Removal-with-Dr.-Kenneth-Hughes-in-Los-Angeles-The-Before.mp4, SILICONE AND BIOPOLYMER INJECTION RESPONSIBLE FOR UNTOLD DEATHS, WHY SOME PATIENTS CANNOT HAVE THE PLASTIC SURGERY THEY WANT, WHY LIPOSUCTION OF FOREIGN MATERIAL INJECTIONS OF THE BUTTOCKS DOES NOT WORK, Facial Fat Grafting and Stem Cell Rejuvenation, The cost of silicone or biopolymer removal from the buttocks is $22,000 (in straightforward cases) to $30,000 or more in more complicated cases. On the other hand, Karimi47 showed that the maximum deviatoric stress of 1% XG-treated silt can decrease in the period between five and 30 days. Mater. It is used as a flocculant that only takes a few weeks or months rather than years to degrade into the environment. Strengthening of Korean residual soil with b-1,3/1,6-glucan biopolymer. Degrad. In the present study, the main objective was to quantify the change in cohesion and the friction angle due to the influence of XG, GG, and BG for two different curing times. Syndrome). Das, S. K., Mahamaya, M., Panda, I. Silicone spreads and migrates easily inside the body, which may worsen adverse events and make surgical attempts to remove the silicone oil more difficult or impossible. The most popular is based on the use of dermal fillers. Case #9733 - Silicone Injections & Biopolymer Removal. Liposuction can only remove lower-density materials through the power of vacuum suction. ISSN 2045-2322 (online). It can be seen that for the biopolymer-treated specimens, an increase in the biopolymer concentration resulted in the increase of its compressive strength. Collagen sponges: Collagen sponges are used as a dressing to treat burn victims and other serious wounds. Mango is among the dozens of firms attempting to . Injections of various foreign materials have been around for as long as there have been sharp hollow tubes and foreign materials. Nano-cellulose presented at low concentrations produces a transparent gel material. In this study, a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) Zeiss EVO 50 was used to closely observe the interaction between the silty sand and different types of biopolymers. Even though the higher concentration of ALG might have a larger impact on the improvement of the compressive strength, the workability at the higher concentrations of ALG can restrict the amount of ALG which can be applied to the soil. 22-60111 2 over the claims the BIA did not reach, and we determine that Petitioners . Specimens for the triaxial test were compacted in five layers in a mold with a diameter of 7cm and a height of 14cm. & Peng, Y. Dr. Kenneth Hughes received a phone call from a former Brazilian buttlift patient who was distressed that another doctor had ordered an MRI and had removed some tissue for a specimen sent to a lab. 1045 Northern Blvd 2nd Floor, Roslyn, NY, 11576, 461 Park Avenue South 3rd floor, New York, NY, 10016, 11 Liberty Street , Poughkeepsie, NY, 12601, click here to learn more about the insurance policies we can work with, Chronic pain of the buttocks, pelvis, and back, Recurrent swelling of injected areas and adjacent areas, Pustules of product and/or infectious material, Silicone can cause chronic, recurrent inflammatory responses within the body, Foreign body substance in the buttocks cause chronic and debilitating nerve pain, Non-sterile injections can cause infection and cellulitis, Many silicone patients share the same common symptoms and pathologies, Each stage is pre-authorized through a patients insurance policy (. I've seen it go from the buttocks to the labia, lymph nodes, thighs, ankles, even the toes. `as a Biopolymer Removal Procedure. Food: Biopolymers are being used in the food industry for things like packaging, edible encapsulation films and coating foods. Unfortunately, most of the illegal materials injected are liquid viscous oil that is not only impossible to completely remove, but the tissue damage wrought by these materials may be overwhelming for the individual, leading to fulminant infection and death.