richard hakluyt reasons for colonization

degree in 1577. Missions became the engine of colonization in North America. In the dedication of the second volume (1599) to his patron, Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury, Hakluyt strongly urged the minister as to the expediency of colonising Virginia. "[3] Some of Hakluyt's ancestors established themselves at Yatton in Herefordshire,[4][5][6] and must have ranked amongst the principal landowners of the county. 828829. Primary Source: Richard Hakluyt Makes the Case for English Colonization IvyPanda. "English Colonization of America in Hakluyt's View." What type of commercial aspirations does Hakluyt describe? pp. In Hakluyt's argument for colonization, religious considerations are entwined with political and economic ones. "English Colonization of America in Hakluyt's View." Hakluyt's other works during his time in Paris consisted mainly of translations and compilations, with his own dedications and prefaces. Hakluyts conception or misconception of indigenous people plays a key role in this text. Hakluyt's friend Alexander Woodson had sent the foot-and-half-long tusk to Hakluyt from his home in Bristol, about one hundred miles west of London. In spirit, it was a continuation of Hakluyts own work, and the two editors probably became acquainted. PDF English Reasons for Colonization1 Additional reasons for colonization 232 lessons. For the full article, see Richard Hakluyt . He cites that it will provide more room for English citizens to expand and move to colonized areas, trade and regulate trade with other nations. Instead, he stressed the importance of occupation, which was favourable to the English as they and not the Spanish had occupied Virginia. That hereby the Revenues and customs of her Majestie both outwards and inwards shall mightely be enlarged by the toll, excises, and other duties which without oppression may be raised. He presented his Discourse of Western Planting to Queen Elizabeth I in manuscript, but it was not actually printed until almost three hundred years later. This will ensure the distribution of people, thereby reducing overpopulation and its subsequent effects. The Discourse, a secret report, was not printed until 1877. This articleincorporates text from a publication now in the public domain:Coote, Charles Henry; Beazley, Charles Raymond (1911). In Mare Liberum, Grotius denied that the 1493 donation by Pope Alexander VI that had divided the oceans between Spain and Portugal entitled Spain to make territorial claims to North America. This will also enable England to suppress her enemies, improve military force, take advantage of prevailing weaknesses in other economies, and optimally exploit resources. He spoke possibly four languages (including Greek, Latin, French and Italian), and his love of geography, many scholars say, was influenced by a large map he saw as a child. He carefully explores economic concerns . Criminals will be effectively used in farms and industries to offer free labor. Encyclopdia Britannica. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. [14], Hakluyt was also a leading adventurer of the Charter of the Virginia Company of London as a director thereof in 1589. That the passage in this voyage is easy and short, that it cutteth not near the trade of any other mighty Princes, nor near their Countries, that it is to be performed at all tymes of the year, and needeth but one kind of wind, that Ireland being full of good heavens on the south and west sides, is the nearest part of Europe to it, which by this trade shall be in more security, and the sooner drawn to more Civility. Richard Hakluyt | Encyclopedia.com He died on November 23, 1616. He made a point of becoming acquainted with the most important sea captains, merchants, and sailors of England. Hakluyt returned to London in 1588. Richard Hakluyt. The increase of the force of the Christians. That the mischiefs that the Indian Treasure wrought in time of Charles the late Emperor father to the Spanish king, is to be had in consideracion of the Queens most excellent Majesty, least the continually coming of the like treasure from thence to his son, work the unrecoverable annoyance of this Realm, whereof already we have had very dangerous experience. [5] A few copies of this monumental work contain a map of great rarity, the first on the Mercator projection made in England according to the true principles laid down by Edward Wright. Therefore, the natives and Indians are mere tools, passive objects, or pawns constructed to be used and manipulated via protestant religions in order to serve the interests of the English people. This was the time when English attention was fixed on finding the northeast and northwest passages to the Orient and on Francis Drakes circumnavigation of the world. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you His were language and geography. . That this enterprise will be for the manifold employment of numbers of idle men, and for breeding of many sufficient, and for utterance of the great quantity of the commodities of our Realm. Hakluyt's cousin, also named Richard Hakluyt, of the Middle Temple, became his guardian. I feel like its a lifeline. Hakluyt's first publication[13] was one that he wrote himself, Divers Voyages Touching the Discoverie of America and the Ilands Adjacent unto the Same, Made First of all by our Englishmen and Afterwards by the Frenchmen and Britons (1582). Records also show that a Thomas Hakeluytt was in the wardship of Henry VIII (reigned 15091547) and Edward VI (reigned 15471553). 10 Richard Hakluyt, ne third voyage . IvyPanda, 8 Apr. In twenty-one chapters, summarized here, Hakluyt emphasized the many benefits that England would receive by creating colonies in the Americas. The glory of God by planting of religion among those infidels. IV of, It has been claimed that the Hakluyts were given "Eaton Hall" (Yatton?) The Names of the rich Towns lying along the sea coast on the north side from the equinoctial of the mainland of America under the kinge of Spaine. He also translated numerous works on the subject into English. She taught for history for fifteen years. Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. Cecil, who was the principal Secretary of State to Elizabeth I and James I, rewarded him by installing him as prebendary of the Dean and Chapter of Westminster on 4 May 1602. Primary Source: Richard Hakluyt Makes the Case for English Colonization What special means may bring kinge Phillippe from his high Throne, and make him equal to the Princes his neighbours, wherewithal is showed his weakness in the west Indies. But far from it: in 1584 Hakluyt prepared a 'Discourse on Western . From an early age, he was fascinated by geography and the prospect of the colonization of America. Works by Hakluyt in addition to those mentioned above included translations of Antonio Galvos Discoveries of the World (1601) and of Hernando de Sotos account of Florida, under the title Virginia Richly Valued, by the Description ofFlorida (1609). The inter-European rivalry appears to be the main theme in this literature. To begin with, the interest of Britain to colonize the Western Hemisphere is a major national goal. He gave information to the newly formed East India Company and continued his interest in the North American colonizing project; he was one of the chief promoters of the petition to the crown for patents to colonize Virginia in 1606 and at one point contemplated a voyage to the colony. What is the importance of Richard Hakluyt to the history of early English colonization then? The latter term encompasses paganism, Judaism, and Islam. In twenty-one chapters, summarized here, Hakluyt emphasized the many benefits that England would receive by creating colonies in the Americas. Richard Hakluyt, (born c. 1552, London, Eng. with the order thereof and other reasons therewithal alleged. Author and geographer Richard Hakluyt decided to write about the Americas as encouragement for others to learn about them. 21 chapters | The pension would have lapsed in 1583, but William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley, intervened to have it extended until 1586 to aid Hakluyt's geographical research.[10]. The Hakluyt Society, which publishes scholarly editions of primary records of voyages and travels, was named after him in its 1846 formation. When Richard Hakluyt was forty years old, he sat one day in his study in London with a walrus tusk in his hands. IV ("The Literature of the Sea") of vol. "[14] Although this was his only visit to Continental Europe in his life, he was angered to hear the limitations of the English in terms of travel being discussed in Paris.[11]. In support of Walter Raleighs colonizing project in Virginia, he prepared a report, known briefly as Discourse of Western Planting (written in 1584), which set out very forcefully the political and economic benefits from such a colony and the necessity for state financial support of the project. What arguments does Hakluyt present in making a case for colonization? (2021) 'English Colonization of America in Hakluyt's View'. [24] Helen Thornton has suggested that the translation was commissioned by Thomas Smythe who became treasurer of the Virginia Company in 1609 and was also Governor of the East India Company. Cabot voyages at the end of the 15th-century mark, the beginning of the English crown's interest in overseas discoveries. Between 1583 and 1588 he was chaplain and secretary to Sir Edward Stafford, English ambassador at the French court. I would definitely recommend Study.com to my colleagues. As he writes in the Epistle Dedicatorie to The Principall Navigations, his cousin spoke to him of recent discoveries and of the new opportunities for trade and showed him certeine bookes of Cosmographie, with an universall Mappe. His imagination thus stirred, the schoolboy had thereupon resolved to prosecute that knowledge and kinde of literature at the university. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. 4. This was presented to Queen Elizabeth I, who rewarded Hakluyt with a prebend (ecclesiastical post) at Bristol Cathedral but took no steps to help Raleigh. Learn about the English scholar Richard Hakluyt and his reasons for colonization and exploration. Hakluyt's friend Alexander Woodson had sent the foot-and-half-long tusk to Hakluyt from his home in Bristol, about one hundred miles west of London. [5][8], Richard Hakluyt, the second of four sons, was born in Eyton in Herefordshire in 1553. Hakluyt was educated at Westminster School and Christ Church, Oxford. Hakluyt was concerned with the activities of Sir Humphrey Gilbert and Martin Frobisher, who were both searching for a passage to the East; was consulting Abraham Ortelius, compiler of the worlds first atlas, and Gerardus Mercator, the Flemish mapmaker, on cosmographical problems; and was gaining approval for future overseas exploration from such politically prominent men as Lord Burghley, Sir Francis Walsingham, and Sir Robert Cecil. Need a custom Essay sample written from scratch by Richard Hakluyt's Inducements to the Liking of the Voyage Intended towards Virginia, 1585"> the "excellent and fertile soile" on both sides of north america 's "greate and deep" natural waterways promised "all things that the life of man doth require," and whatever settlers wanted to plant they could expect to harvest in abundance sufficient to "trafficke in." . professional specifically for you? Gerhard Mercator (1512-1594), a Belgian cartographer (mapmaker), created a more accurate map that was especially useful for ocean navigators. The burial register merely states that Hakluyt was buried "in the Abbey" without giving an exact location, and there is no monument or gravestone: personal e-mail communication on 10 May 2007 with Miss Christine Reynolds, Assistant Keeper of Muniments, Westminster Abbey Library. The possibility of the enlarging of the dominions of the Queens Most Excellent Majesty, and consequently of her honour, revenues, and of her power by this enterprise. A particular discourse concerning the great necessity and manifold commodities that are like to grow to this Realm of England by the Western discoveries lately attempted, Written In the year 1584 by Richard Hakluyt of Oxford at the request and direction of the right worshipful Mr. Walter Raleigh now Knight, before the coming home of his Two Barks: and is divided into xxi chapters, the Titles whereof follow in the next leaf. Its overriding purpose was to stimulate, guide, and encourage an undertaking of incalculable national import. Though Hakluyt neglected to mention its origin, the . Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. The displacement of catholic Spain in the colonial race and substituting it with Protestant England is of critical importance. That speedy planting in diverse fit places is most necessary upon these lucky western discoveries for fear of the danger of being prevented by other nations which have the like intentions, with the order thereof and other reasons therewithal alleged. This, the prose epic of the English nation, is more than a documentary history of exploration and adventure; with tales of daring it mingles historical, diplomatic, and economic papers to establish English right to sovereignty at sea and to a place in overseas settlement. [book review]", "History and Objectives of the Hakluyt Society", "Virgin territories [review of Peter C. Mancall's, "America's debt to a forgotten hero: As the 400th anniversary of Jamestown nears, its spiritual father is being unjustly ignored", "Your letters: Hakluyt has not been forgotten", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Richard_Hakluyt&oldid=1147310286, People educated at Westminster School, London, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopdia Britannica, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, "Richard Hakluyt," 13 in pt. Richard Hakluyt used this document to persuade Queen Elizabeth I to devote more money and energy into encouraging English colonization. While in France he was able to expand his knowledge of foreign places which inspired him to write and publish books on the subject to encourage colonization. His father died when Richard was five years old, leaving his family to the care of a cousin, another Richard Hakluyt, a lawyer who had many friends among prominent city merchants, geographers, and explorers of the day. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Richard Hakluyt, Reasons for Colonization, 1585 The glory of God by planting of religion among those infidels. Richard Hakluyt Biography and Significance - Study.com In essence, he argues that both the economic and social ambitions of England can be pursued via religious strategies. Updates? Frobisher's First Voyage - CBC 1) Rich soil 2) ease of travel 3)Increase Navel Power (build more ships)-larger ships the better 4)make their Navy so strong Hakluyt posits that religion plays a fundamental role in matters related to colonization since it ceases to be a peripheral concern. Indigenous people are also portrayed as laborers who are supposed to produce goods and act as fighters against enemies of England. Discourse Concerning Western Planting - Wikipedia IvyPanda. in history, and a doctoral degree in interdisciplinary studies with a focus on early modern Scotland. In accordance with the instructions of Secretary Francis Walsingham, he occupied himself chiefly in collecting information of the Spanish and French movements, and "making diligent inquirie of such things as might yield any light unto our westerne discoveries in America. Richard Hakluyt (/hklt, hklt, hklwt/;[1] 1553 23 November 1616) was an English writer. She is also a writer of historical fiction. Vol. [10] In 1605 he secured the prospective living of Jamestown, the intended capital of the intended colony of Virginia. Hakluyt dedicated to Cecil the second (1599) and third volumes (1600) of the expanded edition of Principal Navigations and also his edition of Galvo's Discoveries (1601). [10] By the time of his death, he had amassed a small fortune out of his various emoluments and preferments, of which the last was the clergy house of Gedney, Lincolnshire, presented to him by his younger brother Oliver in 1612. It was at Hakluyt's suggestion that Robert Parke translated Juan Gonzlez de Mendoza's The History of the Great and Mighty Kingdom of China and the Situation Thereof (15881590),[30] John Pory made his version of Leo Africanus's A Geographical Historie of Africa (1600),[31] and P. Erondelle translated Marc Lescarbot's Nova Francia (1609). During this time, Hakluyt became increasingly convinced that England should lay claim to the territories in North America as quickly as possible, and gained support for his plan from influential men such as Francis Walsingham and Robert Cecil. Though he never personally took part in any expeditions, Richard Hakluyt greatly advanced the cause of English exploration in North America.One of England's first geographers, he collected and disseminated information, and promoted the colonization efforts of Sir Walter Raleigh (1554-1618) and others. IV of, This page was last edited on 30 March 2023, at 03:18. English colonization and the introduction of new crops took place alongside a wider process now termed the Columbian exchange, the exchange of plants, animals, microbes, and people between Europe and the Americas. History Unit 2 Assignment 5-Richard Hakluyt "A Discousre to - Quizlet Hakluyt was not blind to the profits arising from foreign trade. To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. 808 certified writers online. Hakluyt justifies the latter by claiming that colonization will limit the spread and expansion of the Spanish territory and subsequently jeopardize the interests of England. That this voyage will be a great bridle to the Indies of the king of Spaine and a means that we may arrest at our pleasure for the space of time weeks or three months every year, one or two hundred sail of his subjects shipped at the fishing in Newfoundland. The enterprise developed slowly with minor voyages for exploration first, but a colony was finally established at Roanoke Island, in Virginia, in 1587, which would become the famous 'Lost Colony' in American history. That this enterprise will be for the manifold employment of numbers of idle men, and for breeding of many sufficient, and for utterance of the great quantity of the commodities of our Realm. Richard Hakluyt's Reasons for Colonization. This was The Principall Navigations, Voiages and Discoveries of the English Nation, which, by its scholarship and comprehensiveness, transcended all geographical literature to date; the first edition, in one volume, appeared in 1589. English Deutsch Franais Espaol Portugus Italiano Romn Nederlands Latina Dansk Svenska Norsk Magyar Bahasa Indonesia Trke Suomi Latvian Lithuanian esk . Slavery and Freedom: The American Paradox, Europeans and Natives in British and Spanish America, The Hemispheres Adaptability to Function Independently, Solar System Colonization in Science Fiction vs. Richard Hakluyt | Biography, Significance, & Facts | Britannica c. 1552-1616. He is known for promoting early English exploration of North America. Richard Hakluyt was one of the first to write about the exploration of the Americas in English. These latter writings, together with a few letters, are the only extant material out of which a biography of him can be framed. This can be interpreted to mean understanding the weaknesses and strengths of the colonized. manuscript Seld. You can use them for inspiration, an insight into a particular topic, a handy source of reference, or even just as a template of a certain type of paper.
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